Python如何实现Paramiko的二次封装
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/12/27 浏览：3 次 )
Paramiko是一个用于执行SSH命令的Python第三方库，使用该库可实现自动化运维的所有任务，如下是一些常用代码的封装方式，多数代码为半成品，只是敲代码时的备份副本防止丢失，仅供参考。
目前本人巡检百台设备完全无压力，如果要巡检过千台则需要多线程的支持，过万台则需要加入智能判断等。
实现命令执行: 直接使用过程化封装,执行CMD命令.
import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
def BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,command):
try:
ssh.connect(hostname=address,username=username,password=password,port=port,timeout=2)
stdin , stdout , stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
result = stdout.read()
if len(result) != 0:
result = str(result).replace("\\n", "\n")
result = result.replace("b'", "").replace("'", "")
return result
else:
return None
except Exception:
return None
实现磁盘巡检: 获取磁盘空间并返回字典格式
def GetAllDiskSpace(address,username,password,port):
ref_dict = {}
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n" : "df | grep -v 'Filesystem' | awk '{print $5 \":\" $6}'",
"AIX\n" : "df | grep -v 'Filesystem' | awk '{print $4 \":\" $7}'"
}
# 首先检测系统版本
os_version = BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,"uname")
for version,run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if(version == os_version):
# 根据不同版本选择不同的命令
os_ref = BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,run_cmd)
ref_list= os_ref.split("\n")
# 循环将其转换为字典
for each in ref_list:
# 判断最后是否为空,过滤最后一项
if each != "":
ref_dict[str(each.split(":")[1])] = str(each.split(":")[0])
return ref_dict
# 磁盘巡检总函数
def DiskMain():
with open("db.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as read_fp:
load_json = read_fp.read()
js = json.loads(load_json)
base = js.get("base")
count = len(base)
for each in range(0,count):
print("\033[37m-\033[0m" * 80)
print("\033[35m 检测地址: {0:10} \t 用户名: {1:10} \t 密码: {2:10} \t 端口: {3:4}\033[0m".
format(base[each][1],base[each][2],base[each][3],base[each][4]))
print("\033[37m-\033[0m" * 80)
ref = GetAllDiskSpace(base[each][1],base[each][2],base[each][3],base[each][4])
for k,v in ref.items():
# 判断是否存在空盘
if( v.split("%")[0] != "-"):
# 将占用百分比转换为整数
space_ret = int(v.split("%")[0])
if space_ret >= 70:
print("\033[31m 磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} \033[0m".format(k,v))
continue
if space_ret >= 50:
print("\033[33m 磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} \033[0m".format(k, v))
continue
else:
print("\033[34m 磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} \033[0m".format(k, v))
continue
print()
# 组内传递用户名密码时调用此方法
def GroupDiskMain(address,username,password,port):
ref = GetAllDiskSpace(address,username,password,port)
for k, v in ref.items():
if (v.split("%")[0] != "-"):
space_ret = int(v.split("%")[0])
if space_ret >= 70:
print("磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} -> [警告]".format(k, v))
continue
if space_ret >= 50:
print("磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} -> [警惕]".format(k, v))
continue
else:
print("磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} -> [正常]".format(k, v))
continue
print()
获取系统内存利用率: 获取系统内存利用率
def GetAllMemSpace(address,username,password,port):
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n" : "cat /proc/meminfo | head -n 2 | awk '{print $2}' | xargs | awk '{print $1 \":\" $2}'",
"AIX\n" : "df | grep -v 'Filesystem' | awk '{print $4 \":\" $7}'"
}
# 首先检测系统版本
os_version = BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,"uname")
for version,run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if(version == os_version):
# 根据不同版本选择不同的命令
os_ref = BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,run_cmd)
# 首先现将KB转化为MB
mem_total = math.ceil( int(os_ref.split(":")[0].replace("\n","")) / 1024)
mem_free = math.ceil(int(os_ref.split(":")[1].replace("\n","")) / 1024)
mem_used = str( int(mem_total) - int(mem_free))
# 计算占用空间百分比
percentage = 100 - int(mem_free / int(mem_total / 100))
print("内存总计空间: {}".format(str(mem_total) + " MB"))
print("内存剩余空间: {}".format(str(mem_free) + " MB"))
print("内存已用空间: {}".format(str(mem_used) + " MB"))
print("计算百分比: {}".format(str(percentage) + " %"))
获取系统进程信息: 获取系统进程信息,并返回字典格式
def GetAllProcessSpace(address,username,password,port):
ref_dict = {}
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n" : "ps aux | grep -v 'USER' | awk '{print $2 \":\" $11}' | uniq",
"AIX\n" : "ps aux | grep -v 'USER' | awk '{print $2 \":\" $12}' | uniq"
}
os_version = BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,"uname")
for version,run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if(version == os_version):
os_ref = BatchCMD(address, username, password, port, run_cmd)
ref_list = os_ref.split("\n")
for each in ref_list:
if each != "":
ref_dict[str(each.split(":")[0])] = str(each.split(":")[1])
return ref_dict
# 巡检进程是否存在
def ProcessMain():
with open("db.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as read_fp:
load_json = read_fp.read()
js = json.loads(load_json)
process = js.get("process")
process_count = len(process)
for x in range(0,process_count):
# 根据process中的值查询base中的账号密码
base = js.get("base")
if( list(process[x].keys())[0] == base[x][0] ):
# 拿到账号密码之后再提取出他们的进程ID于进程名
print("\033[37m-\033[0m" * 80)
print("\033[35m 检测地址: {0:10} \t 用户名: {1:10} \t 密码: {2:10} \t 端口: {3:4}\033[0m".
format(base[x][1], base[x][2], base[x][3], base[x][4]))
print("\033[37m-\033[0m" * 80)
ref_dic = GetAllProcessSpace(base[x][1],base[x][2],base[x][3],base[x][4])
# ref_val = 全部进程列表 proc_val = 需要检测的进程列表
ref_val = list(ref_dic.values())
proc_val = list(process[x].values())[0]
# 循环比较是否在列表中
for each in proc_val:
flag = each in ref_val
if(flag == True):
print("\033[34m 进程: {0:50} 状态: √ \033[0m".format(each))
else:
print("\033[31m 进程: {0:50} 状态: × \033[0m".format(each))
实现剧本运行功能: 针对特定一台主机运行剧本功能，随便写的一个版本，仅供参考
def RunRule(address,username,password,port,playbook):
os_version = BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,"uname")
if(os_version == list(playbook.keys())[0]):
play = list(playbook.values())[0]
print()
print("\033[37m-\033[0m" * 130)
print("\033[35m 系统类型: {0:4} \t 地址: {1:10} \t 用户名: {2:10} \t 密码: {3:15} \t 端口: {4:4}\033[0m"
.format(os_version.replace("\n",""),address,username,password,port))
print("\033[37m-\033[0m" * 130)
for each in range(0,len(play)):
RunCmd = play[each] + " > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo $"
print("\033[30m [>] 派发命令: {0:100} \t 状态: {1:5} \033[0m".format(
RunCmd.replace(" > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo $", ""),"正在派发"))
os_ref = BatchCMD(address, username, password, port, RunCmd)
if(os_ref == "0\n"):
print("\033[34m [√] 运行命令: {0:100} \t 状态: {1:5} \033[0m".format(
RunCmd.replace(" > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo $",""),"派发完成"))
else:
print("\033[31m [×] 运行命令: {0:100} \t 状态: {1:5} \033[0m".format(
RunCmd.replace(" > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo $",""),"派发失败"))
# 既然失败了,就把剩下的也打出来吧,按照失败处理
for x in range(each+1,len(play)):
print("\033[31m [×] 运行命令: {0:100} \t 状态: {1:5} \033[0m".format(
play[x].replace(" > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo $", ""), "终止执行"))
break
else:
return 0
# 批量: 传入主机组不同主机执行不同剧本
def RunPlayBook(HostList,PlayBook):
count = len(HostList)
error = []
success = []
for each in range(0,count):
ref = RunRule(HostList[each][0],HostList[each][1],HostList[each][2],HostList[each][3],PlayBook)
if ref == 0:
error.append(HostList[each][0])
else:
success.append(HostList[each][0])
print("\n\n")
print("-" * 130)
print("执行清单")
print("-" * 130)
for each in success:
print("成功主机: {}".format(each))
for each in error:
print("失败主机: {}".format(each))
# 运行测试
def PlayBookRun():
playbook = {
"Linux\n":
[
"ifconfig",
"vmstat",
"ls",
"netstat -an",
"ifconfis",
"cat /etc/passwd | grep 'root' | awk '{print $2}'"
]
}
addr_list = [
["192.168.1.127", "root", "1233", "22"],
["192.168.1.126", "root", "1203", "22"]
]
# 指定addr_list这几台机器执行playbook剧本
RunPlayBook(addr_list,playbook)
过程化实现文件上传下载: 文件传输功能 PUT上传 GET下载
def BatchSFTP(address,username,password,port,soruce,target,flag):
transport = paramiko.Transport((address, int(port)))
transport.connect(username=username, password=password)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
if flag == "PUT":
try:
ret = sftp.put(soruce, target)
if ret !="":
transport.close()
return 1
else:
transport.close()
return 0
transport.close()
except Exception:
transport.close()
return 0
elif flag == "GET":
try:
target = str(address + "_" + target)
os.chdir("./recv_file")
ret = sftp.get(soruce, target)
if ret != "":
transport.close()
return 1
else:
transport.close()
return 0
transport.close()
except Exception:
transport.close()
return 0
# 批量将本地文件 source 上传到目标 target 中
def PutRemoteFile(source,target):
with open("db.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
load_json = fp.read()
js = json.loads(load_json)
base = js.get("base")
print("-" * 130)
print("接收主机 \t\t 登录用户 \t 登录密码 \t 登录端口 \t 本地文件 \t\t 传输到 \t\t\t 传输状态")
print("-" * 130)
for each in range(0,len(base)):
# 先判断主机是否可通信
ref = BatchCMD(base[each][1], base[each][2], base[each][3], base[each][4],"uname")
if ref == None:
print("\033[31m{0:15} \t {1:6} \t {2:10} \t {3:3} \t {4:10} \t {5:10} \t 未连通\033[0m".format(
base[each][1],base[each][2],base[each][3],base[each][4],source,target))
continue
ref = BatchSFTP(base[each][1],base[each][2],base[each][3],base[each][4],source,target,"PUT")
if(ref == 1):
print("\033[34m{0:15} \t {1:6} \t {2:10} \t {3:3} \t {4:10} \t {5:10} \t 传输成功\033[0m".format(
base[each][1],base[each][2],base[each][3],base[each][4],source,target))
else:
print("\033[31m{0:15} \t {1:6} \t {2:10} \t {3:3} \t {4:10} \t {5:10} \t 传输失败\033[0m".format(
base[each][1], base[each][2], base[each][3], base[each][4], source, target))
# 批量将目标文件拉取到本地特定目录(存在缺陷)
def GetRemoteFile(source,target):
with open("db.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
load_json = fp.read()
js = json.loads(load_json)
base = js.get("base")
print("-" * 130)
print("发送主机 \t\t 登录用户 \t 登录密码 \t 登录端口 \t\t 远程文件 \t\t 拉取到 \t\t\t 传输状态")
print("-" * 130)
for each in range(0,len(base)):
ref = BatchCMD(base[each][1], base[each][2], base[each][3], base[each][4], "uname")
if ref == None:
print("\033[31m{0:15} \t {1:6} \t {2:10} \t {3:3} \t {4:10} \t {5:10} \t 未连通\033[0m".format(
base[each][1], base[each][2], base[each][3], base[each][4], source, target))
continue
ref = BatchSFTP(base[each][1],base[each][2],base[each][3],base[each][4],source,target,"GET")
if(ref == 1):
print("\033[34m{0:15} \t {1:6} \t {2:10} \t {3:3} \t {4:10} \t {5:10} \t 传输成功\033[0m".format(
base[each][1],base[each][2],base[each][3],base[each][4],source,target))
else:
print("\033[31m{0:15} \t {1:6} \t {2:10} \t {3:3} \t {4:10} \t {5:10} \t 传输失败\033[0m".format(
base[each][1], base[each][2], base[each][3], base[each][4], source, target))
另一种命令执行方法:
import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
def BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,command):
try:
ssh.connect(hostname=address,username=username,password=password,port=port,timeout=2)
stdin , stdout , stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
result = stdout.read()
if len(result) != 0:
return result
else:
return -1
except Exception:
return -1
# 通过获取主机Ping状态
def GetPing():
fp = open("unix_base.db", "r", encoding="utf-8")
count = len(open("unix_base.db", "r", encoding="utf-8").readlines())
print("-" * 100)
print("{0:20} \t {1:10} \t {2:13} \t {3:5} \t {4:9} \t {5:40}".format("IP地址","机器系统","设备SN","机房位置","存活状态","主机作用"))
print("-" * 100)
for each in range(count):
ref = eval(fp.readline())
ret = BatchCMD(ref[0],ref[5],ref[6],22,"pwd | echo $")
if(int(ret)==0):
print("{0:20} \t {1:10} \t {2:11} \t {3:5} \t {4:9} \t {5:40}".
format(ref[0],ref[1],ref[2],ref[3],"正常",ref[4]))
else:
print("{0:20} \t {1:10} \t {2:13} \t {3:5} \t {4:9} \t {5:40}".
format(ref[0],ref[1],ref[2],ref[3],"异常",ref[4]))
fp.close()
# ps aux | grep "usbCfgDev" | grep -v "grep" | awk {'print $2'}
def GetProcessStatus():
fp = open("unix_process.db", "r", encoding="utf-8")
count = len(open("unix_process.db", "r", encoding="utf-8").readlines())
for each in range(count):
proc = eval(fp.readline())
proc_len = len(proc)
print("-" * 70)
print("---> 巡检地址: {0:10} \t 登录用户: {1:7} \t 登录密码: {2:10}".format(proc[0],proc[1],proc[2]))
print("-" * 70)
for process in range(3, proc_len):
command = "ps aux | grep \'{}\' | grep -v \'grep\' | awk '{}' | head -1".format(proc[process],"{print $2}")
try:
ref = BatchCMD(proc[0],proc[1],proc[2],22,command)
if(int(ref)!=-1):
print("进程: {0:18} \t PID: {1:10} \t 状态: {2}".format(proc[process], int(ref),"√"))
else:
print("进程: {0:18} \t PID:{1:10} \t 状态: {2}".format(proc[process], 0,"×"))
except Exception:
print("进程: {0:18} \t PID:{1:10} \t 状态: {2}".format(proc[process], 0,"×"))
print()
fp.close()
def GetDiskStatus():
fp = open("unix_disk.db", "r", encoding="utf-8")
count = len(open("unix_disk.db", "r", encoding="utf-8").readlines())
for each in range(count):
proc = eval(fp.readline())
proc_len = len(proc)
print("-" * 100)
print("---> 巡检地址: {0:10} \t 登录系统: {1:7} \t 登录账号: {2:10} 登录密码: {3:10}".
format(proc[0],proc[1],proc[2],proc[3]))
print("-" * 100)
try:
ref = BatchCMD(proc[0], proc[2], proc[3], 22, "df | grep -v 'Filesystem'")
st = str(ref).replace("\\n", "\n")
print(st.replace("b'", "").replace("'", ""))
except Exception:
pass
print()
fp.close()
# 运行命令
def RunCmd(command,system):
fp = open("unix_disk.db", "r", encoding="utf-8")
count = len(open("unix_disk.db", "r", encoding="utf-8").readlines())
for each in range(count):
proc = eval(fp.readline())
proc_len = len(proc)
if proc[1] == system:
print("-" * 100)
print("---> 巡检地址: {0:10} \t 登录系统: {1:7} \t 登录账号: {2:10} 登录密码: {3:10}".
format(proc[0],proc[1],proc[2],proc[3]))
print("-" * 100)
try:
ref = BatchCMD(proc[0], proc[2], proc[3], 22, command)
st = str(ref).replace("\\n", "\n")
print(st.replace("b'", "").replace("'", ""))
except Exception:
pass
fp.close()
面向对象的封装方法: 使用面向对象封装，可极大的提高复用性。
import paramiko
class MySSH:
def __init__(self,address,username,password,default_port = 22):
self.address = address
self.default_port = default_port
self.username = username
self.password = password
self.obj = paramiko.SSHClient()
self.obj.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
self.obj.connect(self.address,self.default_port,self.username,self.password)
self.objsftp = self.obj.open_sftp()
def BatchCMD(self,command):
stdin , stdout , stderr = self.obj.exec_command(command)
result = stdout.read()
if len(result) != 0:
result = str(result).replace("\\n", "\n")
result = result.replace("b'", "").replace("'", "")
return result
else:
return None
def GetRemoteFile(self,remotepath,localpath):
self.objsftp.get(remotepath,localpath)
def PutLocalFile(self,localpath,remotepath):
self.objsftp.put(localpath,remotepath)
def GetFileSize(self,file_path):
ref = self.BatchCMD("du -s " + file_path + " | awk '{print $1}'")
return ref
def CloseSSH(self):
self.objsftp.close()
self.obj.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
ssh = MySSH('192.168.191.3','root','1233',22)
ref = ssh.BatchCMD("ifconfig")
print(ref)
sz = ssh.GetFileSize("/etc/passwd")
print(sz)
ssh.CloseSSH()
第二次封装完善。
import paramiko,os,json,re
class MySSH:
def __init__(self,address,username,password,default_port = 22):
self.address = address
self.default_port = default_port
self.username = username
self.password = password
try:
self.obj = paramiko.SSHClient()
self.obj.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
self.obj.connect(self.address,self.default_port,self.username,self.password,timeout=3,allow_agent=False,look_for_keys=False)
self.objsftp = self.obj.open_sftp()
except Exception:
pass
def BatchCMD(self,command):
try:
stdin , stdout , stderr = self.obj.exec_command(command,timeout=3)
result = stdout.read()
if len(result) != 0:
result = str(result).replace("\\n", "\n")
result = result.replace("b'", "").replace("'", "")
return result
else:
return None
except Exception:
return None
def GetRemoteFile(self,remote_path,local_path):
try:
self.objsftp.get(remote_path,local_path)
return True
except Exception:
return False
def PutLocalFile(self,localpath,remotepath):
try:
self.objsftp.put(localpath,remotepath)
return True
except Exception:
return False
def CloseSSH(self):
self.objsftp.close()
self.obj.close()
# 获取文件大小
def GetFileSize(self,file_path):
ref = self.BatchCMD("du -s " + file_path + " | awk '{print $1}'")
return ref.replace("\n","")
# 判断文件是否存在
def IsFile(self,file_path):
return self.BatchCMD("[ -e {} ] && echo 'True' || echo 'False'".format(file_path))
通过Eval函数解析执行: 自定义语法规则与函数,通过Eval函数实现解析执行. 没写完，仅供参考。
import json,os,sys,math
import argparse,time,re
import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
def BatchCMD(address,username,password,port,command):
try:
ssh.connect(hostname=address,username=username,password=password,port=port,timeout=2)
stdin , stdout , stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
result = stdout.read()
if len(result) != 0:
result = str(result).replace("\\n", "\n")
result = result.replace("b'", "").replace("'", "")
return result
else:
return None
except Exception:
return None
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 内置解析方法
def GetDisk(x):
return str(x)
def GetCPULoad():
return str(10)
# 句式解析器,解析句子并执行
def judge(string):
# 如果匹配到IF则执行判断条件解析
if re.findall(r'IF{ (.*" ")
# 拼接语句并执行
sentence = eval(subject_list[0]) + subject_list[1] + subject_list[2]
# 组合后执行,返回结果
if eval(sentence):
return "IF"
else:
return False
# 如果匹配到put则执行上传解析
elif re.findall(r'PUT{ (.*"put")
return False
# 获取特定目录下所有的剧本
def GetAllRule():
rootdir = os.getcwd() + "\\rule\\"
all_files = [f for f in os.listdir(rootdir)]
print("-" * 90)
print("{0:15} \t {1:10} \t {2:10} \t {3:5} \t {4:5}".format("剧本名称","应用平台","应用端口","执行主机数","命令条数"))
print("-" * 90)
for switch in all_files:
# 首先判断文件结尾是否为Json
if( switch.endswith(".json") == True):
all_switch_dir = rootdir + switch
try:
# 判断文件内部是否符合JSON规范
with open(all_switch_dir , "r" ,encoding="utf-8") as read_file:
# 判断是否存在指定字段来识别规范
load = json.loads(read_file.read())
if load.get("framework") != None and load.get("task_sequence") != None:
run_addr_count = len(load.get("address_list"))
command_count = len(load.get("task_sequence"))
print("{0:15} \t {1:10} {2:10} \t\t {3:5} \t\t {4:5}".
format(switch,load.get("framework"),load.get("default_port"),run_addr_count,command_count))
except ValueError:
pass
# 指定一个剧本并运行
def RunPlayBook(rule_name):
rootdir = os.getcwd() + "\\rule\\"
all_files = [f for f in os.listdir(rootdir)]
for switch in all_files:
if( switch.endswith(".json") == True):
all_switch_dir = rootdir + switch
# 寻找到需要加载的剧本地址
if( switch == rule_name):
with open(all_switch_dir , "r" ,encoding="utf-8") as read_file:
data = json.loads(read_file.read())
address_list = data.get("address_list")
# 循环每个主机任务
for each in address_list:
# 得到剧本内容
task_sequence = data.get("task_sequence")
default_port = data.get("default_port")
print("-" * 90)
print("地址: {0:15} 用户名: {1:10} 密码: {2:10}".format(each[0],each[1],each[2]))
print("-" * 90)
for task in task_sequence:
flag = judge(task[0])
if flag == "IF":
ref = BatchCMD(each[0],each[1],each[2],default_port,task[1])
print(ref)
elif flag == False:
ref = BatchCMD(each[0],each[1],each[2],default_port,task[0])
print(ref)
if __name__ == "__main__":
RunPlayBook("get_log.json")
定义剧本规范如下。
{
"framework": "Centos",
"version": "7.0",
"address_list":
[
["192.168.191.3","root","1233"]
],
"default_port": "22",
"task_sequence":
[
["ifconfig"],
["IF{ GetLastCmdFlag() == True }","uname"]
]
}
词法分析: 词法分析解析剧本内容。
# 获取特定目录下所有的剧本
def GetAllRule():
rootdir = os.getcwd() + "\\rule\\"
all_files = [f for f in os.listdir(rootdir)]
print("-" * 90)
print("{0:15} \t {1:10} \t {2:10} \t {3:5} \t {4:5}".format("剧本名称","应用平台","应用端口","执行主机数","命令条数"))
print("-" * 90)
for switch in all_files:
# 首先判断文件结尾是否为Json
if( switch.endswith(".json") == True):
all_switch_dir = rootdir + switch
try:
# 判断文件内部是否符合JSON规范
with open(all_switch_dir , "r" ,encoding="utf-8") as read_file:
# 判断是否存在指定字段来识别规范
load = json.loads(read_file.read())
if load.get("framework") != None and load.get("task_sequence") != None:
run_addr_count = len(load.get("address_list"))
command_count = len(load.get("task_sequence"))
print("{0:15} \t {1:10} {2:10} \t\t {3:5} \t\t {4:5}".
format(switch,load.get("framework"),load.get("default_port"),run_addr_count,command_count))
except ValueError:
pass
# 句式解析器,解析句子并执行
def judge(string):
# 如果匹配到IF则执行判断条件解析
if re.findall(r'IF{ (.*" ")
# 公开接口,执行命令
ssh = MySSH("192.168.191.3","root","1233","22")
# 组合命令并执行
sentence = str(eval(subject_list[0]) + subject_list[1] + subject_list[2])
if eval(sentence):
return "IF",ssh
else:
return False
# 如果匹配到put则执行上传解析
elif re.findall(r'PUT{ (.*"put")
return False
# 指定一个剧本并运行
def RunPlayBook(rule_name):
rootdir = os.getcwd() + "\\rule\\"
all_files = [f for f in os.listdir(rootdir)]
for switch in all_files:
if( switch.endswith(".json") == True):
all_switch_dir = rootdir + switch
# 寻找到需要加载的剧本地址
if( switch == rule_name):
with open(all_switch_dir , "r" ,encoding="utf-8") as read_file:
data = json.loads(read_file.read())
address_list = data.get("address_list")
# 循环每个主机任务
for each in address_list:
# 得到剧本内容
task_sequence = data.get("task_sequence")
default_port = data.get("default_port")
print("-" * 90)
print("地址: {0:15} 用户名: {1:10} 密码: {2:10}".format(each[0],each[1],each[2]))
print("-" * 90)
for task in task_sequence:
flag,obj = judge(task[0])
if flag == "IF":
ret = obj.BatchCMD(task[1])
print(ret)
if __name__ == '__main__':
ret = judge("IF{ ssh.GetFileSize('/etc/passwd') >= 4 }")
print(ret)
MySSH类最终封装: 通过面向对象对其进行封装，实现了查询CPU,负载，内存利用率，磁盘容量，等通用数据的获取。
import paramiko, math,json
class MySSH:
def __init__(self, address, username, password, default_port):
self.address = address
self.default_port = default_port
self.username = username
self.password = password
# 初始化,远程模块
def Init(self):
try:
self.ssh_obj = paramiko.SSHClient()
self.ssh_obj.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
self.ssh_obj.connect(self.address, self.default_port, self.username, self.password, timeout=3,
allow_agent=False, look_for_keys=False)
self.sftp_obj = self.ssh_obj.open_sftp()
except Exception:
return False
# 执行非交互命令
def BatchCMD(self, command):
try:
stdin, stdout, stderr = self.ssh_obj.exec_command(command, timeout=3)
result = stdout.read()
if len(result) != 0:
result = str(result).replace("\\n", "\n")
result = result.replace("b'", "").replace("'", "")
return result
else:
return None
except Exception:
return None
# 将远程文件下载到本地
def GetRemoteFile(self, remote_path, local_path):
try:
self.sftp_obj.get(remote_path, local_path)
return True
except Exception:
return False
# 将本地文件上传到远程
def PutLocalFile(self, localpath, remotepath):
try:
self.sftp_obj.put(localpath, remotepath)
return True
except Exception:
return False
# 关闭接口
def CloseSSH(self):
try:
self.sftp_obj.close()
self.ssh_obj.close()
except Exception:
pass
# 获取文件大小
def GetFileSize(self, file_path):
ref = self.BatchCMD("du -s " + file_path + " | awk '{print $1}'")
return ref.replace("\n", "")
# 判断文件是否存在
def IsFile(self, file_path):
return self.BatchCMD("[ -e {} ] && echo 'True' || echo 'False'".format(file_path))
# 获取系统型号
def GetSystemVersion(self):
return self.BatchCMD("uname")
# 检测目标主机存活状态
def GetPing(self):
try:
if self.GetSystemVersion() != None:
return True
else:
return False
except Exception:
return False
# 获取文件列表,并得到大小
def GetFileList(self, path):
try:
ref_list = []
self.sftp_obj.chdir(path)
file_list = self.sftp_obj.listdir("./")
for sub_path in file_list:
dict = {}
file_size = self.GetFileSize(path + sub_path)
dict[path + sub_path] = file_size
ref_list.append(dict)
return ref_list
except Exception:
return False
# 将远程文件全部打包后拉取到本地
def GetTarPackageAll(self, path):
try:
file_list = self.sftp_obj.listdir(path)
self.sftp_obj.chdir(path)
for packageName in file_list:
self.ssh_obj.exec_command("tar -czf /tmp/{0}.tar.gz {0}".format(packageName))
self.sftp_obj.get("/tmp/{}.tar.gz".format(packageName), "./file/{}.tar.gz".format(packageName))
self.sftp_obj.remove("/tmp/{}.tar.gz".format(packageName))
return True
except Exception:
return True
# 获取磁盘空间并返回字典
def GetAllDiskSpace(self):
ref_dict = {}
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n": "df | grep -v 'Filesystem' | awk '{print $5 \":\" $6}'",
"AIX\n": "df | grep -v 'Filesystem' | awk '{print $4 \":\" $7}'"
}
try:
os_version = self.GetSystemVersion()
for version, run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if (version == os_version):
# 根据不同版本选择不同的命令
os_ref = self.BatchCMD(run_cmd)
ref_list = os_ref.split("\n")
# 循环将其转换为字典
for each in ref_list:
# 判断最后是否为空,过滤最后一项
if each != "":
ref_dict[str(each.split(":")[1])] = str(each.split(":")[0])
return ref_dict
except Exception:
return False
# 获取系统内存利用率
def GetAllMemSpace(self):
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n": "cat /proc/meminfo | head -n 2 | awk '{print $2}' | xargs | awk '{print $1 \":\" $2}'",
"AIX\n": "svmon -G | grep -v 'virtual' | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2 \":\" $4}'"
}
try:
os_version = self.GetSystemVersion()
for version, run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if (version == os_version):
# 根据不同版本选择不同的命令
os_ref = self.BatchCMD(run_cmd)
# 首先现将KB转化为MB
mem_total = math.ceil(int(os_ref.split(":")[0].replace("\n", "")) / 1024)
mem_free = math.ceil(int(os_ref.split(":")[1].replace("\n", "")) / 1024)
# 计算占用空间百分比
percentage = 100 - int(mem_free / int(mem_total / 100))
# 拼接字典数据
return {"Total": str(mem_total), "Free": str(mem_free), "Percentage": str(percentage)}
except Exception:
return False
# 获取系统进程信息,并返回字典格式
def GetAllProcessSpace(self):
ref_dict = {}
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n": "ps aux | grep -v 'USER' | awk '{print $2 \":\" $11}' | uniq",
"AIX\n": "ps aux | grep -v 'USER' | awk '{print $2 \":\" $12}' | uniq"
}
try:
os_version = self.GetSystemVersion()
for version, run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if (version == os_version):
os_ref = self.BatchCMD(run_cmd)
ref_list = os_ref.split("\n")
for each in ref_list:
if each != "":
ref_dict[str(each.split(":")[0])] = str(each.split(":")[1])
return ref_dict
except Exception:
return False
# 获取CPU利用率
def GetCPUPercentage(self):
ref_dict = {}
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n": "vmstat | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $13 \":\" $14 \":\" $15}'",
"AIX\n": "vmstat | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $14 \":\" $15 \":\" $16}'"
}
try:
os_version = self.GetSystemVersion()
for version, run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if (version == os_version):
os_ref = self.BatchCMD(run_cmd)
ref_list = os_ref.split("\n")
for each in ref_list:
if each != "":
each = each.split(":")
ref_dict = {"us": each[0],"sys":each[1],"idea":each[2]}
return ref_dict
except Exception:
return False
# 获取机器的负载情况
def GetLoadAVG(self):
ref_dict = {}
cmd_dict = {"Linux\n": "uptime | awk '{print $10 \":\" $11 \":\" $12}'",
"AIX\n": "uptime | awk '{print $10 \":\" $11 \":\" $12}'"
}
try:
os_version = self.GetSystemVersion()
for version, run_cmd in cmd_dict.items():
if (version == os_version):
os_ref = self.BatchCMD(run_cmd)
ref_list = os_ref.split("\n")
for each in ref_list:
if each != "":
each = each.replace(",","").split(":")
ref_dict = {"1avg": each[0],"5avg": each[1],"15avg": each[2]}
return ref_dict
return False
except Exception:
return False
# 修改当前用户密码
def SetPasswd(self,username,password):
try:
os_id = self.BatchCMD("id | awk {'print $1'}")
print(os_id)
if(os_id == "uid=0(root)\n"):
self.BatchCMD("echo '{}' | passwd --stdin '{}' > /dev/null".format(password,username))
return True
except Exception:
return False
# 定义超类,集成基类MySSH
class SuperSSH(MySSH):
def __init__(self,address, username, password, default_port):
super(SuperSSH, self).__init__(address, username, password, default_port)
我们继续为上面的代码加上命令行，让其可以直接使用，这里需要遵循一定的格式规范，我们使用JSON解析数据，JSON格式如下.
{
"aix":
[
["192.168.1.1","root","123123"],
["192.168.1.1","root","2019"],
],
"suse":
[
["192.168.1.1","root","123123"],
],
"centos":
[
["192.168.1.1","root","123123"],
]
}
接着是主程序代码，如下所示.
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from MySSH import MySSH
import json,os,sys,argparse
class InitJson():
def __init__(self,db):
self.db_name = db
def GetPlatform(self,plat):
with open(self.db_name, "r", encoding="utf-8") as Read_Pointer:
load_json = json.loads(Read_Pointer.read())
for k,v in load_json.items():
try:
if k == plat:
return v
except Exception:
return None
return None
if __name__ == "__main__":
ptr = InitJson("database.json")
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("-G","--group",dest="group",help="指定主机组")
parser.add_argument("-C","--cmd",dest="cmd",help="指定CMD命令")
parser.add_argument("--get",dest="get",help="指定获取数据类型<ping>")
parser.add_argument("--dst", dest="dst_file",help="目标位置")
parser.add_argument("--src",dest="src_file",help="原文件路径")
args = parser.parse_args()
# 批量CMD --group=aix --cmd=ls
if args.group and args.cmd:
platform = ptr.GetPlatform(args.group)
success,error = [],[]
for each in platform:
ssh = MySSH(each[0], each[1], each[2], 22)
if ssh.Init() != False:
print("-" * 140)
print("主机: {0:15} \t 账号: {1:10} \t 密码: {2:10} \t 命令: {3:30}".
format(each[0], each[1], each[2], args.cmd))
print("-" * 140)
print(ssh.BatchCMD(args.cmd))
ssh.CloseSSH()
success.append(each[0])
else:
error.append(each[0])
ssh.CloseSSH()
print("\n\n","-" * 140,
"\n 执行报告 \n",
"-" * 140,
"\n失败主机: {}\n".format(error),
"-" * 140)
# 批量获取主机其他数据 --group=centos --get=ping
if args.group and args.get:
platform = ptr.GetPlatform(args.group)
success, error = [], []
for each in platform:
ssh = MySSH(each[0], each[1], each[2], 22)
# 判断是否为ping
if ssh.Init() != False:
if args.get == "ping":
ret = ssh.GetPing()
if ret == True:
print("[*] 主机: {} 存活中.".format(each[0]))
# 收集磁盘数据
elif args.get == "disk":
print("-" * 140)
print("主机: {0:15} \t 账号: {1:10} \t 密码: {2:10}".
format(each[0], each[1], each[2]))
print("-" * 140)
ret = ssh.GetAllDiskSpace()
for k, v in ret.items():
if (v.split("%")[0] != "-"):
space_ret = int(v.split("%")[0])
if space_ret >= 70:
print("磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} -> [警告]".format(k, v))
continue
if space_ret >= 50:
print("磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5} -> [警惕]".format(k, v))
continue
else:
print("磁盘分区: {0:30} \t 磁盘占用: {1:5}".format(k, v))
continue
print()
else:
error.append(each[0])
ssh.CloseSSH()
print("\n\n", "-" * 140,
"\n 执行报告 \n",
"-" * 140,
"\n失败主机: {}\n".format(error),
"-" * 140)
# 实现文件上传过程 --group=centos --src=./a.txt --dst=/tmp/test.txt
if args.group and args.src_file and args.dst_file:
platform = ptr.GetPlatform(args.group)
success, error = [], []
for each in platform:
ssh = MySSH(each[0], each[1], each[2], 22)
if ssh.Init() != False:
ret = ssh.PutLocalFile(args.src_file,args.dst_file)
if ret == True:
print("主机: {} \t 本地文件: {} \t ---> 传到: {}".format(each[0], args.src_file,args.dst_file))
else:
error.append(each[0])
ssh.CloseSSH()
print("\n\n", "-" * 140,
"\n 执行报告 \n",
"-" * 140,
"\n失败主机: {}\n".format(error),
"-" * 140)
简单的使用命令：
远程CMD: python main.py --group=centos --cmd="free -h | grep -v 'total'"
判断存活: python main.py --group=centos --get="ping"
拉取磁盘：python main.py --group=suse --get="disk"
批量上传文件: python main.py --group=suse --src="/UploadFiles/2021-04-08/aaa">
由于我的设备少，所以没开多线程，担心开多线程对目标造成过大压力，也没啥必要。
番外： 另外我研究了一个主机分组的小工具，加上命令执行代码量才800行，实现了一个分组数据库，在这里记下使用方法。
默认运行进入一个交互式shell环境。
Init = 初始化json文件，ShowHostList=显示所有主机，ShowGroup=显示所有组，ShowAllGroup=显示所有主机包括组。
添加修改与删除记录，命令如下。
添加删除主机组。
通过UUID向主机组中添加或删除主机记录。
测试主机组连通性。
以上就是Python如何实现Paramiko的二次封装的详细内容，更多关于Python实现Paramiko的二次封装的资料请关注其它相关文章！
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